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treatment for adults with add For ADD – Drugs and Counselling Treatment options for ADD include drugs and counselling. It is crucial to test both to determine which one is more effective. People with classic ADD are irritable, disorganized and often hyperactive. They lack blood flow in the prefrontal cortex as well as the basal ganglia. They also have low levels of dopamine. Dopamine levels are usually increased in response to treatment. Stimulants Stimulants accelerate the body's systems. They are available legally as prescription drugs, such as amphetamines (Adder-all and Dexedrine), methylphenidates (Concerta and Ritalin) and diet aids like Didrex, Bontril and Fastin; and illegally used frequently mixed with other substances, such as cocaine and methcathinone (crack). They are available in the form of syrups, pills, liquids or patches that are placed on the skin. They boost the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain's synapses. This improves concentration. They also reduce impulsivity, hyperactivity and help improve working memory. They are the most frequently used medications prescribed to adults suffering from ADHD. They can trigger adverse effects like a decrease in appetite, insomnia and a rise in heart rate or blood pressure. They may interfere with certain medications and medical conditions Therefore, it's crucial to discuss any concerns you have with your doctor. About 70-80% people who use ADHD medications will experience a reduction in symptoms. Different people respond in a different way to the medication and the effects may not last long. Some people discover that stimulants don't work for them or they aren't able to handle the adverse effects. In this case, doctors will prescribe nonstimulant medications. These drugs may not be as efficient as stimulants, however they can help improve concentration and focus and control impulses. Doctors may prescribe them along with stimulants to increase their effectiveness. Nonstimulant medications take longer to effect and don't perform as efficiently. They do not raise dopamine levels and they have different effects on neurotransmitters. Examples include Atomoxetine (clonidine) as well as guanfacine and the clonidine. The most frequently reported adverse effect of these drugs is drowsiness. The drowsiness is reduced by increasing the dose or taking the medication before bedtime. The drowsiness will subside in several weeks after starting treatment. Antidepressants Most antidepressants work by changing the brain's chemical makeup, known as neurotransmitters. They are classified based on how they affect these neurotransmitters, with each class having a variety of medications that work in slightly different ways. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). A doctor may start you on a medication from one of these groups to help relieve depression and anxiety symptoms. These medications may not offer immediate relief, as it can take weeks before you experience the full benefits. Your doctor and you will determine the best medication for you. You may also take additional medications or combine two antidepressants to enhance your treatment. This is referred to as an augmentation. The most popular enhancement drugs are aripiprazole quetiapine and lithium. Different antidepressants have different adverse effects. You should discuss these adverse effects with your doctor since they could cause problems in your daily activities. These adverse effects can be mild or severe, and they can be triggered by the type of antidepressant you're taking. You should also inform your doctor about any other medications or herbal remedies you're using, including herbal remedies and over-the-counter medications such as St. John's wort. SSRIs have been proven to cause fewer side effects than other antidepressants. These include fluoxetine (Prozac) as well as paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva) and sertraline (Zoloft). The SNRIs increase levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within the brain. This is the reason SNRIs are regarded as more efficient than SSRIs. They also have a shorter half-life and are less likely than SSRIs to interact with other medications. SNRIs include duloxetine (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine (Effexor). Atypical antidepressants are utilized for their energizing effects, helping you to feel more awake. They can be beneficial for people who have insomnia or extremely severe anxiety. Bupropion (Wellbutrin and Zyban) and mirtazapine are two of the most common. These drugs can cause jitteriness, sleepiness or drowsiness, but they can be beneficial for many people with depression, ADHD and anxiety. They can also be used to treat the treatment of bulimia as well as for smoking cessation. Cognitive therapy for behavioural issues Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for mental health issues. It is based on the idea that thoughts and feelings are interconnected and can be changed. CBT is an approach that is short-term and goal-oriented that helps you discover new strategies to handle stressors and negative habits. It can be used to treat anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder. CBT is designed to transform negative thoughts and emotions into positive feelings or behaviours. It is a combination of two different therapies that are cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. It's a type of psychotherapy that is often short-term and is able to be carried out in a group or an individual setting. You will be taught various techniques by a therapist and then you'll apply them in your everyday life. Some of these techniques include: learning to recognize your negative thoughts, practicing mindfulness meditation, and keeping a thought journal. A therapist can also help you identify negative thoughts that can lead you to take on a negative behavior and teach you how to change your beliefs. They'll also teach you problem solving techniques to help you deal with challenges that arise in your daily life. CBT therapists will also encourage you to establish SMART goals (specific goals that are measurable, achievable relevant, time-based, and relevant) to help you track your progress. Although each type of CBT employs a distinct approach, all cognitive behavioral treatments focus on identifying and modifying the fundamental thoughts that cause emotional distress. The therapists will use different techniques, but most are built on the principles of operant and classical conditioning, which involve associating events with their effects. During treatment you will be rewarded for the accomplishment of tasks. Additionally, you will be punished for failing to complete the task. In the initial few sessions, your therapist will assist you to identify the problem behaviors and replace them with healthier ones. You might be given homework to help you build the skills. Based on the degree of your illness, you may require anywhere from 6-20 one-on-one sessions. CBT can be used to treat a variety of ailments, including anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is also effective for adults suffering from ADHD which affects individuals as young as seven. Counseling Counselling is a type of psychotherapy that involves regular, planned meetings with a therapist in order to discuss your issues. Typically, these sessions last approximately 50 minutes and may be face-to-face or in groups. They can also be conducted over the phone. Counselling can be utilized to treat a variety of mental health problems such as depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Counselling can be used to talk about relationship, family and friendship issues, as well as workplace-related issues. A counsellor will listen carefully to your issues and provide an objective view. They will be able to identify patterns of behaviour and suggest ways to change them. They can help you learn techniques and coping techniques to manage stress, anxiety or depression. They can assist you in adjusting to major life changes, such as divorce or the loss of a loved one. They can also teach you how to manage addictions or a chronic illness. Some counsellors charge fees for their services while others are covered by Medicare rebates in the event that you have mental health plans from your doctor.